广场舞教程？

广场舞当下很受广大众的欢迎，无论男女老少都可以参与其中，不仅可以锻炼身体、娱乐身心，还可以认识到很多朋友。广场舞不同于专业舞蹈，有学习容易、内容简单、实用性强等特点，那么一起来看一下广场舞的教程吧！

广场舞简介

广场舞按类型分，主要分为中老年秧歌、腰鼓、扇子舞、伞舞、球操等。按步法来分，大众广场舞主要有为12步、16步、 18步、 20步、22步、 24步、 26步、27步、30步、 34步、 36步、 37步、40步等等，最多的达200-300步。

舞步教程详解

按类型分

中老年秧歌

中老年秧歌舞视频教程可以参考：【中老年秧歌舞《大妈扭得美》64步欢快喜庆】 https://b23.tv/wjXOrOb【秧歌广场舞《大姑娘美大姑娘浪》正背面附教学】 https://b23.tv/cEd27c6

动作要点：首先左脚往右前方交叉过来，再右脚往左前方交叉过来，接着左脚退回去，右脚并过去。

腰鼓

腰鼓舞，均穿彩服，腰间挂一只椭圆形小鼓，双手各持一根鼓槌，鼓槌上扎有红绸，边打边舞，节奏强烈，舞步多变化，能走出各种复杂美妙的图案。腰鼓舞视频教程可以参考：【广场舞《开门红》欢快喜庆腰鼓舞，正背面演示】 https://b23.tv/5RzBjtA

这里分享全国第二套健身腰鼓中的开场引子步，共十拍，先看完整示范。

分解动作要点

第一拍：左脚向左迈出，同时双手面前交叉打两边鼓，马步蹬。

第二拍：两脚原地跳，两手同时打两边鼓。

第三拍：重心向左形成左弓右箭，同时左手甩绸右手打鼓。

第四拍：重心向右，形成右弓左箭，同时左手收回，右手甩绸。

第五拍：左脚向后撤，形成前弓后箭。同时右手打右鼓面。左手向前甩绸，头向后。

第六步：弓箭步不动，左手收回鼓面，右手向前甩绸，同时头转向前边。

第七、八拍：右脚收回，右手同时打右面鼓，下蹲向前跑。

第九、十拍：左脚踏于右脚尖，同时立起，左手向前甩绸，右手打鼓。

扇子舞

扇子舞的美，在于道具与动作的完美配合。扇子的基本拿法是用大拇指、食指和中指三个手指捏住扇尾撑开扇子，可用大鱼际托住扇骨，固定扇子，无名指和小指可以翘起。

在舞蹈过程中，扇子打开方式有：

竖直打扇：右手拿扇子，捏住扇骨，依靠扇子自身重力打开扇子，扇子竖直放在胸前或头顶；当扇子在头顶打开时，右手应经身体前、侧向上划圆上到头顶打开，扇子略向后拉，右肩膀打开。

水平打扇：右手拿扇子，经身体前、侧拉到五位手位置，大拇指固定扇骨，食指和中指推开扇子，扇子水平打开，扇头朝下，放在身侧。

内8字绕扇：用三个手指勾住扇柄，大拇指和食指分别放在扇子的两边，大拇指和食指用来导向，让扇子朝着你的意愿旋转。

扇子舞视频教程可以参考：【经典红歌扇子舞《走进新时代》简单欢快大气】 https://b23.tv/wugPtNA【贺年喜庆广场舞《红红的中国结》动感大气扇子舞】 https://b23.tv/iMbuXyw

这里分享扇子舞搭秧歌步组合示范，背景音乐是《在希望的田野上》：

1、右臂八字绕扇，左脚交叉往上一步，左臂八字绕扇。

2、左脚交叉后退，双臂八字绕扇，正丁步拧字前进，正丁步拧字后退。

3、肩前拨扇子，同时左脚提拧步，滚步丁字三步。

4、八字绕扇子，丁字步三步，结束动作。

伞舞

伞舞是一种抒情的舞蹈，这里分享一下伞舞，背景音乐是《妈妈的油纸伞》。伞舞广场舞视频教程分享：【伞舞《又见江南雨》】 https://b23.tv/rCQodFG【伞舞《沛伞舞》】 https://b23.tv/SnEwOrd

1、右手撑伞，往前走四步，具体是先抬左脚往前一步，再右脚往前，左脚往前，右脚往前。再原地踏四步，同时伞往左侧旋转。

2、回到右手往上撑伞，同时脚往后踏四步。接着原地踏四步，左脚往右交叉一步，右手伞往下顺时针绕一圈，伞回到上方时，右脚往右侧一步。

3、右脚往左交叉一步，同时伞往下逆时针绕一圈，伞回到上方时，左脚往左侧一步；往后退四步，左脚先退，右手拿伞，伞在胸前往下两次。

4、抬左脚跳起落下，跳起床伞往上送一下，右脚往右边侧一步，伞轻轻放到左肩；抬右脚跳起落下，伞此时往上举；左脚往左侧一步，伞轻轻放到右肩，左手扭花手；右脚侧一步，右手扭花手。所有动作重复一遍。

球操

球操广场舞视频教程分享：【广场舞健身操05《微笑》示范（国家体育总局发布12套广场舞健身操）】 https://b23.tv/kdwlEEC

双手左右持球：双手掌心相对，握球的左、右两侧，两肘向内收紧。

双手上下持球分两种

1、右手掌心向下，左手掌心向上，握球的上、下部，两肘向外打开。

2、右手掌心向下，左手掌心向下，握球的上、下部，两肘向外打开。

单手正托球：五指稍分开，手指微屈，掌心向上，用手指和手掌自然托球的下部。

单手反托球：手臂以肘关节为轴向内中绕环、使掌心转向上托住球的下部。

球操示范：做向左右转动球时，两臂向外，使球在两手间转动，经两手指尖两臂向内，球在两手的另一面继续转动。

按步法分教程

广场舞的步法根据歌曲的种类有不同的区分，基本上都是前后左右的进步和退步，配合手部动作，还有斜方位的舞步。这里主要介绍大众广场舞12步、16步、 18步、 20步、22步、 24步、 26步、27步、30步、 34步、 36步、40步中其中一首歌曲的步法教程。

12步

动作要领：歌曲《情路弯弯》。向左侧走12步，左脚往左一步，右脚往左脚上方交叉，左脚往上一步，右脚往左脚后面侧面走，右脚往左脚上方交叉，抬左脚转一圈，右脚往上后跟点地，左脚后跟往上点地。同理，向右侧走12步。

16步

动作要领：歌曲《哑巴新娘》。左脚前点后点，再前点后点。上左脚，侧右脚。上右脚，侧左脚。左脚起，向后退4步，双手前后摆。打开双手，双脚，右脚后点。打开双手，左脚后点。

18步

动作要领：歌曲《舞女》。上走四步，退四步，向左走四步，向右走四步，秧歌步两个，交叉上四步，交叉后退四步，左右并步一个八拍，小四步，扭胯。

20步

动作要领：歌曲《宝贝你最美》。左脚起左走四步，右脚起右脚走四步。左脚起前进四步，右脚起后退四步。左脚起左转圈四步。

22步

动作要领：歌曲《幺妹住在十三寨》。首先双脚站立，左脚两个侧点，回中间点三下。再右脚两个侧点，回中间点三下。四个弹跳，左脚交叉往上斜跳，收回，右脚交叉往上协调，收回。最后两个秧歌步。

24步

动作要领：歌曲《掀起你的盖头来》。秧歌步两组，左脚前点后点前点收，右脚前点后点前点收，前走压脚侧点四步，后退四步。

26步

动作要领：歌曲《旧梦》。右脚前点，后点，前点，后点，往前走两步，右脚前点，后点。前走1哒2，3哒4，摆胯四个。右脚后点，转身，右脚前点。动作重复一遍。

27步

动作要领：歌曲《一生与你擦肩而过》。右脚侧点收，左脚侧点收，右脚前后踏。左脚侧点收，右脚侧点收，左脚前后踏。左脚交叉上，右脚侧点。右脚交叉上，左脚侧点。后退四步，左脚交叉上，右脚侧点。右脚交叉上，左脚侧点，向后退四步。

30步

动作要领：歌曲《迪拜慢摇》。左右前点收，左右侧点后点侧点收，前走压脚侧点八步，后退四步，横跨并步，秧歌步一组。

34步

动作要领：歌曲《猜》。左右各两个前点，左侧点四步。左右各两个前点，右侧点四步。左点，右点，向右摆胯两下。左点，右点，向左摆胯两下。左脚起四个踢脚，左点，右点。

36步

动作要领：歌曲《探清水河》。前进四步，左脚侧点3次收回。后退四步，右脚侧点3次收回。左走四步，右走四步。十字秧歌2组。

40步

动作要领：歌曲《快乐桑巴》。前踏后踏八步，左右各两个后侧点，左右各三个侧点收，前后各走四步，重复一遍。

广场舞示范

此处再放一下个人最喜欢的单人水兵舞《今天是你的生日》完整版，好看又好学，一起来看下教程吧。

1、左点右点，前点后点，左扭2下

2、右点左点，后踩左点

3、左点右点，左踩后点

4、左点右点，左踩右踩

5、左点右点，前点侧点

6、左点右点，右点左点

7、左踩右点，左扭四下

8、右踩左点，右扭四下

9、原地八个小跳。全部动作重复来一次即可。

注意事项

如何挑选教程

广场舞的学习，在没有老师的指导下，肯定最先考虑的就是要从网上找相关的教程，这方面的资源应该说是比较多的，尤其是视频资源，可供选择的有很多。但是一定要从中挑选一些适合自己跳的舞蹈来学，对照教程进行分解练习。一般可以下载的视频网站有抖音、优酷、B站视频等等。

如何对照练习

对着教程，我们把视频中的舞蹈分为多个步骤来学，比如24步。一般情况下差不多每8步为一个连贯动作，所以24步也就是3个连续的动作，这样一来我们就把24步分成了3部分，然后再仔细观察3部分中的每一部分中的重复动作，脚部的走位，和手部的动作，找出运动规律。

先练下盘动作

正所谓牵一发而动全身， 人的大部分动作会跟随下身运动，所以只要我们先练习好下身的动作，再练习上身就会变得很快，因此，学习时可以先学步伐，熟练的掌握正确的走位，然后再学习上身的动作，可以起到事半功倍的效果。

循序渐进练习

广场舞的一个特点就是动作流畅，顺其自然。刚开始不要过于追求准确，根据下身运动规律带动上身运动，等基本掌握动作要领后再在准确上下功夫。连贯练习也要遵循循序渐进的方法，把前面分解训练的各部分逐步组合在一起进行练习， 然后再将整个动作结合起来练习。

%3Chowto_content%3E,"text":"","id":"doxcn2G8U8ysmEEKUIxDcUOshKe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnOec2SKa242WQgbHwGbHfEd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnqcIMeAmmeSqmE1vS6EwyGc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c9dc8d8d8de0450085d24f4857e144b6","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcngYOG0gqa6uGai02RUc7THU"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcneW6Y6aUMcKiUwXNLNnP5Fd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcn2moysm6GU2ISk33tlMrGfh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnISS8CqgCqwaMEv1hyFs3Gf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【秧歌广场舞《大姑娘美大姑娘浪》正背面附教学】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/cEd27c6"},"children":,"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOKu8qqOaQOC8UYl97Lf4sb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnkIM0mAeAyec84n8mRMBDIf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b2dba6b2cccc4ddb8c60c9501a0f2c13","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcny0SUCWSg0OgoaiGhNsCnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcna06sqOsUII4yM5Vw3Hxtvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO0YSwsMuQMaSA4B0oAlQ6G"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnSa0yEKUWcKw225Po6tWKyd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28e0e77f27ad48f2abd404667912e3dd","width":617},"text":"","id":"doxcnOYy00qS2mcaC0fVtOw8dlN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnQkQw28CGoYEs0CR0yhsAbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnmoiYs6Igoas8uomtTgHfog"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/39c30e7b6abf4c848c6de5f289c03123","width":648},"text":"","id":"doxcn6e06ASYAK4QaCqVvHzqDuc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnSyKGqAWKWM0qAt7T3nOufe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7fe0070f72d748ecba90e55d2ac3dbb4","width":648},"text":"","id":"doxcnaO0cOsGyuYg2CMM05nr28e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnSsW66OwII6Y8wvbIU5ItSg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4eb9127cfbaf4b1f9dc4e355fad3e10b","width":630},"text":"","id":"doxcnqAwEKKaCGcEUC6iujqJ8Zd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnqWMQK8kiAweg6jPdBEwAXb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/45a4bde4487648eca50c0fa3da7f4f50","width":641},"text":"","id":"doxcnw0AwAo6aSoAqGwFdGdFAmO"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnsCOUGoMMu48m08FPF5cdLf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d4a09c66d9445f5af6001fbd0f68610","width":632},"text":"","id":"doxcngEgoI6sEyC8iSG1HLcNoEd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnWwUa8uOMICOiEhcFmJXGWf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/482554a6d9ea4a97be5947bfb8479024","width":627},"text":"","id":"doxcn0s0CAcMAe822WikVrHHhuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnMG8amoIYo248OkHZIIJuwb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4277fcb3632248c599a34ff441baa397","width":619},"text":"","id":"doxcnwWWSyC8qOu4gYh5fclozgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnE8SU2WwG4QYuo6cvDdDZk6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bdbc7806993346798ee61e7d22acc117","width":627},"text":"","id":"doxcnoq0GskCeUSMKsj06pnPvJd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnS2gI84EeO04mQVLsr15Nph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnUyoIQegsiYKwWUzNpwZkNg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":506,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/53fa08a0fa62479a93878abcc85995c4","width":694},"text":"","id":"doxcns0WmSUiq8oQ0IbibUWEVcf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnMgos6AAA8AAI2bXHaYZlVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"竖直打扇：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"右手拿扇子，捏住扇骨，依靠扇子自身重力打开扇子，扇子竖直放在胸前或头顶；当扇子在头顶打开时，右手应经身体前、侧向上划圆上到头顶打开，扇子略向后拉，右肩膀打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAqqawQyOuCysUJcYp1Xlrg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":321,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6dffbf8157eb4f9a84a0ccebfd06023d","width":606},"text":"","id":"doxcnoIWAIY4IywyUQT6VpgdZqh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"水平打扇：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"右手拿扇子，经身体前、侧拉到五位手位置，大拇指固定扇骨，食指和中指推开扇子，扇子水平打开，扇头朝下，放在身侧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneCAGUa6uQMcE8doqU7cxZd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":381,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6427a871f70c40de8548f0ceafd09343","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcncecmY4Wese6gqyH2LpuVdb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"内8字绕扇：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"用三个手指勾住扇柄，大拇指和食指分别放在扇子的两边，大拇指和食指用来导向，让扇子朝着你的意愿旋转。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccCgGiYCiWIscLWs0aRQse"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":420,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/81a5dd461bc748d9b5c6f41bbcef3a9a","width":512},"text":"","id":"doxcnKuw0CYQiGu6qiU9eneHDIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【贺年喜庆广场舞《红红的中国结》动感大气扇子舞】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/iMbuXyw"},"children":,"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGMKkKwSW4cgg2X1rqgTjBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnA880oswsIiieg2gSjvDyX0"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnKgKmC0cQAQCMAFDWgspanh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bbff7141e5fd45138dd37f4681bc49c9","width":560},"text":"","id":"doxcn6E6SUKwmWKiOcROV6llnvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcniaQGcOKcMkMMWuoQOw5t9d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/169ac1c9635f4d298160cbb4bf03d63b","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnyAG8YuMUgcYcMLnSvPs5ng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcn0oq80u0eqowwkrBNbIfPZb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/58f5ac1bbe3c40ffb14c4df5887e3c95","width":585},"text":"","id":"doxcnQmUWOAcyoiYe0gSlSiu7kd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnKIeo86S60kM68t2ij4OqFf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b64dfc9703e742818ae217277f038401","width":566},"text":"","id":"doxcn4uMEI2u8AWIyqE1PJQB2Xe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnAqYGA4UeceioUNo0TVVbKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【伞舞《沛伞舞》】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/SnEwOrd"},"children":,"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKOUKiwYyW2YMOkHv0uJvhg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnaW0g46A26micGqwBsIrD7e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a8c57c15eb3442b1be60efbb6f6b2451","width":524},"text":"","id":"doxcn82MAycESM8y6W4kzCrQXJe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnuYI8UOWiioAQI60fiIdIA4"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4558b0697f8148578e241011687a8a4c","width":551},"text":"","id":"doxcnmqY2mk2k8aSciOiVsLzSbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnOCeUAg4G8a2EGSqVsCj9Of"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f4b0690e8af44dd78af3f160f4e59494","width":538},"text":"","id":"doxcnUeugyquEeiaSqAVHy4zK8f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcni4e2g8Gkci8Y0uzxyUtM5d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5fad5fe10a604fb29d05a0587597c3d0","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnYa8ks6mciowo6JjWlbay9d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnmUakq0aou4AWmkUC9euluh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4qqaMGmCWYKYWyOZ7Ku4Yd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"双手左右持球：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"双手掌心相对，握球的左、右两侧，两肘向内收紧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0CII6m6uUW0uIx59MGn4Lf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":561,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1b645877f68a45efa027a3837a366aca","width":939},"text":"","id":"doxcnuq66qMU0o4g2OEXzTq7zfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"双手上下持球分两种","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGUcQkyYsmu86mcQON5OzZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnI6eOcK6AIUioOEBUOQTscf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":627,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3920e89e4bdc408281b1053307434b4f","width":1040},"text":"","id":"doxcnamWAYy6wiQUaoRGDTvBmog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnAMOYUsYMMKuUmKvyWtUNIe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":533,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06169920a8ed4d5aa726302545e19d1c","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnsYMWwaA28GCU0IC1cN0HOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"单手正托球：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"五指稍分开，手指微屈，掌心向上，用手指和手掌自然托球的下部。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny2wwsKK64KsYQTmvsU15hc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":568,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/69d6b605ac3945a7876b0967c9497ee2","width":858},"text":"","id":"doxcnkwuWQC8s4KawmEuOTGFtyf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"单手反托球：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"手臂以肘关节为轴向内中绕环、使掌心转向上托住球的下部。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwsYm8mm4a2swKGdtR7Ja7d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":704,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06c053deecd34fb08f08d4b84b8a391d","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcng0S6goAQOEaYkPC8dg5gue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"球操示范：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"做向左右转动球时，两臂向外，使球在两手间转动，经两手指尖两臂向内，球在两手的另一面继续转动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4o2YAoCgaY0qsNDLsvZCTh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c5766978bc00402c94f53aba130012d7","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn88GI02mqg2oEKa3ubqUgee"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnGCs08E8464WQcboTwU0ekg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnIeW2qy4M2gIKiiUwVnyS9f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnmMkYAQUeEMugY50ChobFLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnywWyGiAGCWiaSss8Blzjve"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":229,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/18dfcc88283c4a43978c8b13d4c39924","width":399},"text":"","id":"doxcn8c00W6OG4WOSKKBsI2rZ2d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnEkqk8oe4KEmkcngxs6TqOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnKOGKS2QmSuiUUFu1ydsp9b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/458f651f82064351a1ffbfaac8d1cdc0","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnIw02WcYsmWAMwX5PsereUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnMOakWmGuquSm8pcWk2fV2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnI2GGcKaqKg6SRajRsboXGi"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/42821113e3d24fed83210a8870d19210","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnI80U828WukiUwj9QbO6JSe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnyASqEaQomGmsIfKtiRlYEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnE4s0m4Gg8i2CeECDKyx0rg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/41cb6d9d490b4e7594e0589f9c1abbae","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn4ummskkao2Mq0avAdhVQlo"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnoWqs8eYcAaKaSsc4rLnnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnWCSSqSyY8IGsWIZjU9i66g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fd92585729444b768c8a6dc5a3b921eb","width":493},"text":"","id":"doxcnUmgyiSKq6kweKDkq7A3pab"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnWayAmcAi0QScxBmU9k7Oof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnMuGCM2Qg048EcruaAtJ58c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9718f29561d0442e82cd2abc213a989e","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnGqCm2Mw6smYmSmvBNk6nzg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnccMw66geGGcwlINB5G7Cpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcncmEAO0OYKaist12Fg8hdiy"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d34e7171814c4952824abb215baa05f4","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnsuioSKsYGW6c6YWz52DsWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcn8gk44mw04CAqcFR7Xn3Phc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnm6YUUCeMAWoY89zJP1TaKg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d77e06f00d3546759d6d861bda742c32","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnMMgMiYmgwaSkC0B5X4F9jf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcns2oYSiC0GqAKsbOYB8bPrg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcneKmyUM4AiaQASYZ7XXQzSb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42b37079f9b4055beff6a628c0b4f69","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn4eISUYsOeIy2cRldy8aEqg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnSQUuUEaeqM4YCkKJ2TqHBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnaEEciyUQsoAs2pkbBYzNZc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa3139ae03384ff4b289c3ed3d39a93b","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn2SmuYigwyKmiW0CQmBnzQc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnS4OS6GOygMyOG2P2H3LSid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcni6AkoIgoMEiWw3qulDiJAb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1227a8eead174b2ea606818c55a470db","width":531},"text":"","id":"doxcnUqAea6SGaewuwhmAk65naf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnGe8A6s6GAWcYUTHI5151Dc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnMIwAOAMEUgykaA9FY4lrjf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/376534b125574f88a268c440ab138cf3","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnUk0gUoAaIE6Caa2R5yB0Wb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcn42AS2464QgOUym0HjX5tdf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnCCSqoqqagakwUvCBru5hsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnQYmcoc6oqsEmE7OpBeyyIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/36694a1fb0bf4ef09385719c993bd413","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnAikmkSs2mow4WWamn5e5Gg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnqCuMMUqqm6MU049kTmv0Ce"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b75a2ee7356744e786b437937797124a","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnGskyO2ySkEIUmKx2w7wsIg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnOW2qsgUOMaeIQVrOIqY6Pe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7d0f28d1531e427fb41e15755d2b539c","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnUgMmcW8yeMmgc1coD97gce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnIkgqEg2yCSiUAxR82PPsqf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1c19c449829495aa5d1a81d2c7b40eb","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnECCWkAwCaGyMqOCcPEU0Pe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnASo2aWOM6aA8AFRvARuyyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/671e86dda3964a1cbda057915aabee32","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcns8MueQUiW48Y2hG2IBRU8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnsWEK0igSKWKOsdHTP5Z9Od"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d9b9df0b3e1d4b16bad7b27506928f1d","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcneMEMOYmOw0qgmYupcEKWog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnuY8yYeoIwQEeemz4n7hZDf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28b5b27c33f94031a913404e59bcd305","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn0yesswQW4qo8Lt8IXCHChr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnm6ysa6MA6kscUUc3wjHJeb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cc4ee49fc3df407ba3462a69a60f599b","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnWukWISeQ8OUSY5m84iMdQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnQMsqKYQwgM4yUPA7A2RTDJ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":,"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/35a763a018b341918e388ed1a198f62b","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnQA2kEM6SkMMac9wKgVOFHh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcno2Yww8qkYS4CS68XrNKech"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnO40AaY8o2A2sYh1Fdqdh6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnGu6ASeYIaKoElUOGHT1QqM"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnw6geqewmOU6ygbbtmvREgd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcngMqMUGKOGIWKUhqkmCzq5g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcn8kIO4ksGWEUkEjRdScziJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnimCG8GmI62EiI56MSVk3sd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnAEygAW4SwEQiS8R2BBgSSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnS688CGEoYSgkwvflGShJlf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":,"text":"","id":"doxcnGSKWueEq2aIskXSahDvrgf"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

SOCKS4、SOCKS5和HTTP代理，这几种网络代理方式有什么区别？

HTTP代理：能够代理客户机的HTTP访问，主要是代理浏览器访问网页，它的端口一般为80、8080、3128等； SOCKS代理：SOCKS代理与其他类型的代理不同，它只是简单地传递数据包，而并不关心是何种应用协议，既可以是HTTP请求，所以SOCKS代理服务器比其他类型的代理服务器速度要快得多。SOCKS代理又分为SOCKS4和SOCKS5，二者不同的是SOCKS4代理只支持TCP协议（即传输控制协议），而SOCKS5代理则既支持TCP协议又支持UDP协议（即用户数据包协议），还支持各种身份验证机制、服务器端域名解析等。SOCK4能做到的SOCKS5都可得到，但SOCKS5能够做到的SOCK4则不一定能做到，比如我们常用的聊天工具QQ在使用代理时就要求用SOCKS5代理，因为它需要使用UDP协议来传输数据 不懂再回复

冰箱维修教程？

现在家家户户都离不开冰箱，冰箱对我们的生活有非常大的帮助，如果有吃不完的食物或者需要储存食物都可以存放在冰箱里，以防止食品的变质。这样既方便又容易。但是由于冰箱夜以继⽇地⼯作，有时难免会出现些故障，出现故障该怎么维修呢？

冰箱构造

维修冰箱，首先我们需要了解冰箱的构造。

家用电冰箱由箱体、制冷系统、温度控制装置三部分组成。

箱体

箱体的组成：外壳、内衬、绝热层、台面。

箱体的基本作用是绝热，绝热性能的优劣直接关系到箱体的保温性能。

箱体的隔热功能主要是从以下几个方面来实现的：

1、外壳与内衬之间填充绝热材料。

2、箱门装有磁性密封条防止冷气外漏和热空气侵入。

3、箱顶的顶板下面垫有高密度聚苯乙烯泡沫板，起隔热作用。

制冷系统

制冷系统组成：压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、毛细管。

制冷系统自成一个封闭的循环系统。其中蒸发器安装在电冰箱内部的上方，其他部件安装在电冰箱的背面。

工作原理：系统里充灌了一种叫“氟里12(CF2Cl2，国际符号R12)”的物质作为制冷剂（氟利昂类包括氟利昂12和氟利昂11等等是一般传统的制冷剂，现在更多的是新兴的无氟制冷剂如R600a、R404a等，不过制冷原理是一样的）。氟里昂12在蒸发器里由低压液体汽化为气体，吸收冰箱内的热量，使箱内温度降低。变成气态的氟里昂12被压缩机吸入，靠压缩机把它压缩成高温高压的气体，再排入冷凝器。在冷凝器中气态的氟里昂12不断向周围空间放热，逐步液化成液体。这些高压液体必须流经毛细管，节流降压才能缓慢流入蒸发器，维持在蒸发器里继续不断地汽化，吸热降温。就这样，冰箱利用电能做功，借助制冷剂的物态变化，把箱内蒸发器周围的热量搬送到箱后冷凝器里去放出，如此周而复始不断地循环，以达到制冷目的。

内部汽化吸热 → 外部液化放热→ 箱内温度降低

温度控制装置

冰箱的温度控制装置叫温度控制器。它的主要作用是当箱内温度过高时接通压缩机，使制冷系统工作，从而使箱温降下来，当箱温降至要求的温度时，使压缩机断电。

故障检测方法

冰箱故障的检查方法一般可分为问、看、听、摸、测试等。通过检查，综合分析判断，逐渐缩小故障范围，找出故障点。

问

首先问明冰箱的使用情况、故障现象及使用年限，特别是旧机器，要了解机器的故障史及以前维修后的使用情况，对曾维修过制冷系统的机器，要多留意冰堵、脏堵、混入空气、冷冻油是否变质等故障。

看

1、首先看蒸发器结霜的情况，在压缩机运转的情况下，如果出现蒸发器表面无霜、结不满霜或结霜不实等情况，都说明制冷系统工作不正常。

2、冰箱冷冻室结冰，说明温控器温差过大，停机时间过长等因素造成的，直冷式双门冰箱的冷藏室蒸发器总是结满霜而无结霜、化霜交替变化，说明温控器发生故障。

3、检查制冷系统中管路的各个焊接处及蒸发器表面，看是否有渗漏的痕迹，凡渗漏处都会有油渍。

4、查看压缩机回气管是否结霜，如结霜，则说明制冷剂冲入量过多，对于间冷式冰箱，如压缩机回气管结霜，还应考虑是否由于风扇不转而引起。遇到这种情况，可以打开箱门，按下门框按钮，查看风扇是否旋转。

5、查看箱门是否有缝隙。如果箱门有缝隙，则冰箱保温性能差，导致压缩机开机时间长，停机时间短，而且冰箱结霜多。

听

1、接通冰箱电源，如果听到启动器“叭嗒”一声，压缩机在0.2秒至0.5秒内启动，随后压缩机发出轻微而且有节奏的运转声，说明压缩机启动正常。如压缩机发出沉闷的“嗡嗡”声，而后连续听到“叭嗒”的启动器触点断开、吸合的声音，有时还带有压缩机的振动声，最后可以听到热保护器“叭”的一声响，随后切断压缩机电源。此故障可以考虑以下原因：

a、电源电压低，压缩机卡缸、抱缸轴。

b、电动机扫堂。

c、电动机绕组短路。

d、电动机启动绕组开路。

e、气路系统管路堵塞。

f、启动继电器故障等。使用排除法，确定故障原因。

2、压缩机运转时，机壳内有明显的喷气声，说明压缩机排气缓冲管断裂漏气。若压缩机机壳有破裂声，说明压缩机高、低压阀片破裂、漏气。压缩机刚停机时，听到机壳内有明显的跑气声音，说明压缩机阀板的高低压纸垫被击穿、排气减震管泄漏、阀片磨损或阀片、阀口处积碳。压缩机运转时，如果机壳发出“当当”的撞击声，说明压缩机内支撑弹簧断裂或疲劳变形。

3、高压液态制冷剂通过毛细管进入蒸发器，迅速蒸发沸腾，同时发出“嘶嘶”的气流声音，并时常伴流水的声音，属于正常现象。如果听到蒸发器内有“叽叽”声，或者有断断续续的憋气声，故障通常为脏堵、油堵或者冰堵。周期性较长的断续喷气声一般为冰堵。若蒸发器内只有气流声，而且不结霜，说明系统内制冷剂基本漏完。

4、冰箱有时发出断断续续的噪音，往往是由于冰箱支脚落地不稳，制冷系统管路相互碰撞以及压缩机与箱体底座螺丝松动等原因引起共振造成的。

摸

冰箱正常运行时，制冷系统各个部分的温度通过触摸，可以对制冷系统状况有个大致的判断。(制冷系统各个部分的温度还受环境温度的影响，环境温度升高时，冷凝器、过滤器、回气管和压缩机的温度明显升高，反之，上述部分的温度明显降低。)

1、压缩机运转时，触摸冷凝器上部，应很热(大于55℃)。如不热，可能是制冷系统漏气、堵塞或压缩机没有排气压力等故障。

2、正常时，触摸干燥过滤器应有热的感觉(约55℃)。如制冷系统过脏，会造成干燥过滤器温度升高，对于刚刚维修过的冰箱，如果干燥过滤器温度过高，一般为毛细管阻流偏大，制冷剂充入量过大。

3、压缩机正常工作时，触摸压缩机回气管，应没有热感(接近于环境温度)。如果温度高，说明系统少制冷剂，管路微堵或系统中混入空气。如果感觉到冷或者有露水甚至结霜时，说明制冷剂充入量过多。

4、压缩机机壳的温度一般在70℃以下。即使在夏季，冰箱首次开机时，压缩机经过连续长时间的工作，机壳温度也不超过85℃。

5、如果蒸发器上结的霜用手一摸就脱落(称为虚霜)，并且压缩机回气管结满霜，说明充入的制冷剂过多或新换的毛细管过粗、过短。

6、用手触摸蒸发器表面，如果发现蒸发器结不满霜，说明系统制冷剂不足或毛细管半堵塞。

测试

通过测量冰箱的温度、压力、开机与停机比、运转电流以及压缩机的绝缘电阻和直流电阻等，对冰箱进行检查。

1、测温度

用电机温度计测量电冰箱的温度。电冰箱的温度按国家标准吸气温度为三十二摄氏度，蒸发温度为负二十三摄氏度一下，排气温度为五十五摄氏度左右，过冷温度为三十二摄氏度左右。

1、冰箱靠近墙面放置会导致冰箱发烫，也不能在冰箱的周围覆盖东西，这样都会阻碍冰箱散热，使温度上升，应该保持冰箱有足够的空间散热。

2、在使用冰箱的时候不要打开频繁，频繁的打开冰箱会让里的温度升高，加大冰箱的工作量，冰箱长期处于运转状态就会使温度更高的。这时要减少开冰箱的次数。

3、停用之后特别是在夏季温度很高的时候，冰箱要达到设定的制冷温度会需要很长时间，长时间的运转就会使冰箱的温度升高，冰箱一旦使用最好不要停用了。

2、测压力

冰箱的正常压力值在0.03~0.08mpa。

a、吸气压力过高，通常由：制冷剂充入过多、新换毛细管过短、压缩机性能无法维持正常运行的原因引起。

b、出现吸气压力为负压时，通常由：制冷剂不足、系统内有堵塞现象、新换毛细管太细、太长。

2、测量冰箱的开机与停机之比

冰箱的开机与停机之比与它的制冷系统、保温性能、温控器性能、调节位置、环境温度、电路系统、冰箱内食品的多少以及开门次数等有着直接的关系。

3、测量工作电流

1、如果工作电流大于额定电流，说明制冷剂充入量过多，制冷系统微堵、压缩机局部短路。

2、如果工作电流小于额定电流，说明制冷系统有泄漏或系统完全堵塞。

3、测量绝缘电阻和直流电阻：(对于匝间短路不严重或匝间绝缘不良的电机绕组，用电阻测量方法很难分辨电机故障，因此只能采用测量工作电流的方法来判断)。

缺少制冷剂，或蒸发器内有沉积的冷冻机油，导致压缩机效率降低。

冰箱故障分类

电冰箱的故障可分为电气系统故障和制冷系统故障两大类。

电气系统故障分析

电气系统主要包括温控部分和压缩机电动机控制部分。由此而引起的故障现象是电冰箱接通电源后压缩机不起动和接通电源后压缩机运转不停。

1、首先用万用表欧姆挡测量冰箱电源插头的阻值。

压缩机的三个接线端子以及与起动器之间的接线情况如图所示：C——公共端、M——运行端、S——起动端。

各绕组间直流电阻值如下：运行绕组C、M两端约10.5Ω；起动绕组C、S两端约22Ω；而运行和起动绕组阻值的和即S、M端的阻值约为32.5Ω。正常时电路所有的开关触点都接通，对于重锤起动器式的冰箱，因重锤式起动器触点未通电而未接通，回路阻值为压缩机运行绕组的阻值，一般为10—20Ω左右，对于PTC起动冰箱，回路的直流电阻为起动器20Ω阻值与起动绕组串联后再与运行绕组并联，所以其电阻略小于压缩机运行绕组的阻值。

通过测得的阻值来判断电路的工作状态，阻值偏大时，要检查温度控制器、过载保护器、压缩机电动机以及线路和触点接触情况，阻值偏小时一般是短路，主要检查压缩机电动机及其线路。

　　

2、要进一步判断还要对冰箱通电检查。

通电前先检查温控器开关是否正常。如温度控制器装在电冰箱的冷藏室内，当放置的环境温度低于设计温度时不会起动运转，故有的冰箱设计了冬季补偿开关，补偿开关打开后则温度控制器感温管附近的加热器开始加热，强制升温使压缩机运转，目的是牺牲冷藏室的正常温度而保证冷冻室的温度。

如果温控器内的开关都正常，而通电后压缩机不起动，可用一根导线短接重锤式起动器的两个静触点，注意导线短接时间不要太长，以不超过2s为宜，时间长将会使起动绕组烧坏。如果短接后冰箱能起动，说明起动器有故障，重锤式起动器长期起动易使触点烧坏，测量时拆下起动器，用万用表欧姆RX1挡，将两表笔插入接线柱插孔内。起动器正着放时相当于正常运转状态，即未接通，万用表测量阻值为无穷大；将起动器倒过来时相当于起动状态，万用表指示为0Ω，则说明起动器是好的。

如果用导线短接后仍不能起动，就需要检查保护器。可用短接法检查保护器，将保护器的两个接线铜片短接起来，如果冰箱能够起动运转，说明保护器有故障，可能是电热丝烧断或碟形双金属片受阻不能下翻，如果冰箱仍不能起动，则是压缩机或起动器有问题。检查时，把起动器和保护器拆下，露出电动机的三根接线柱。测每两个接线柱之间的电阻值，如正常，说明电动机绕组没有故障。如不正常，不要急于拆开压缩机，可以采用直接接通电源的方法进行检查。具体办法是：用带有电源插头的两根电源线接在M、C接线柱上，也就是运行绕组上，再用螺钉旋具作为导线同时碰触M和S端，然后把插头插入电源插座，如果电动机和压缩机没有故障，就会起动。起动2s左右，就要把螺钉旋具移开，电动机进入正常运转。如果检查压缩机能起动运转，说明电动机没有故障，故障发生在电动机外部，可能是外引线折断或接线柱接触不良，也可能是环境温度过低等。否则为压缩机故障。

制冷系统故障分析

电冰箱不制冷

电冰箱运转不停，但是不制冷，冷凝器不热，蒸发器不凉。这种故障一般出现在制冷系统。

可能原因是制冷剂泄漏，或者冰堵、脏堵，或是压缩机有故障。由于制冷系统是封闭的，所以可通过观察管路表面有无油污、用手触摸各部分的温度、耳听运行声音来检查。

1、检查管路表面是否有油污

仔细检查冷凝器、过滤器、毛细管、蒸发器；吸气管、压缩机外壳及管路结合处。如果发现有油污，说明制冷剂泄漏。这时可切开压缩机的工艺管。如果有少量的制冷剂喷出，就进一步证明是制冷剂泄漏。

如果没有油污，则需要进一步检查压缩机的温度。

2、检查压缩机的温度

用手摸压缩机，如果压缩机的温度不太高，和运转时差不多，说明管路畅通，没有堵塞现象，而可能是高压缓冲管破裂、活塞穿孔、排气阀同吸气阀短路等。这时可切开高压排气管，排出制冷剂。

3、检查压缩机开机时的情况

切断电冰箱的电源，打开箱门；使制冷系统各个部件恢复到室温。然后接通电源，电冰箱启动运转。如果开始时蒸发器结霜较好，冷凝器发热，低压吸气管发凉；由冰箱上部能听到气流声和水流声，但过一会儿，蒸发器结霜融化，